TerraformでAWSの構築・管理をはじめる

IAMユーザーの作成

AWSのコンソールでTerraform実行用のIAMユーザーを作成して、アクセスキーとシークレットキーを控えておきます。

この記事の内容を試す場合は、S3への操作を許可しただけの以下のようなポリシーを設定するだけで良いです。

{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": ["s3:*"],
      "Resource": "*"
    }
  ]
}

HomebrewでTerraformとAWS CLIをインストール

brew install terraform awscli

Terraform用のディレクトリとファイルを作成

mkdir example-terraform && cd $_ && touch main.tf secrets.tfvars .gitignore

上記コマンドを実行後、各ファイルを以下のように編集します。

main.tf

variable "aws_access_key" {}
variable "aws_secret_key" {}

locals {
  app_name = "example-app"
  region   = "us-east-1"
}

provider "aws" {
  region = local.region
  access_key = var.aws_access_key
  secret_key = var.aws_secret_key

  # 全てのリソースに共通のタグをつける
  default_tags {
    tags = {
      env      = "production"
      app-name = local.app_name
    }
  }
}

# S3のバケットを作成する
resource "aws_s3_bucket" "example" {
  bucket = "example-bucket"
}

secrets.tfvars

aws_access_key = "XXXX"
aws_secret_key = "XXXX"

XXXXにはアクセスキーとシークレットキーを設定します。

.gitignore

参考: gitignore/Terraform.gitignore at main · github/gitignore

# Local .terraform directories
**/.terraform/*

# .tfstate files
*.tfstate
*.tfstate.*

# Crash log files
crash.log
crash.*.log

# Exclude all .tfvars files, which are likely to contain sensitive data, such as
# password, private keys, and other secrets. These should not be part of version
# control as they are data points which are potentially sensitive and subject
# to change depending on the environment.
*.tfvars
*.tfvars.json

# Ignore override files as they are usually used to override resources locally and so
# are not checked in
override.tf
override.tf.json
*_override.tf
*_override.tf.json

# Include override files you do wish to add to version control using negated pattern
# !example_override.tf

# Include tfplan files to ignore the plan output of command: terraform plan -out=tfplan
# example: *tfplan*

# Ignore CLI configuration files
.terraformrc
terraform.rc

terraform init

terraform init

上記コマンドを実行すると、.terraformと.terraform.lock.hclが作成されます。

terraform plan

terraform plan -var-file=secrets.tfvars

上記コマンドを実行後に以下のように表示されたら成功です 🎉

Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated
with the following symbols:
  + create

Terraform will perform the following actions:

  # aws_s3_bucket.example will be created

...
...
...

Plan: 1 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.